Gas burner



Feb. 13, 1945. JARQS 2,369,235

' GAS BURNER I Filed May 10, 1941 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Feb.- 13', 1945.

S. JAROS GAS BURNER Filed May 10, 1941 2 SheGtS- -Sheet 2 v Patented Feb. 13,1945

GAS BURNER.

Stanley Jaro's, Evansville, -Ind., assignor to Serve],, Inc., New York, N. Y.., a corporation of Delaware Application May 10,1941, Serial No. 392,844

7 Claims;

My invention relates to gas burners.

It is an object of my invention to provide an improved gas burner of relatively high capacity which occupies a minimum amount of space.

Another object of the invention is to provide an improved burner of, relatively high capacity which is noiseless under all operating conditions includfront of a heat receiving part II provided with a horizontalflue 'I2*into which the burner flame ingnot only normal burner operation but also at times when the burner flame is extinguished.

A further object of the invention is to provide an improved horizontal type burner in which the burner flame is of such shape that contacting of the flue wall by the burner flame is avoided.

A still further object of the invention is to provide an improved' horizontal type burner of relatively high capacity in which substantially all of the air required to effect complete combustion of the gas is supplied as primary air in a plurality of gas streams which merge in a single region at which the burner flame is produced and maintained. I

A still further object of the invention. is to provide an improved gas burner having a cellular grid structure comprising alternate layers-of flat and corrugated metal stripping.

' The novel features which I believe to be characteristic of my invention are set forth with particularity in the claims. The invention, both as to organization and method, together with the objects and advantages thereof, will be better understood by reference to the following 'description taken in connection with the accompanying drawings of which Fig. 1 is a side view of a burner embodying my invention; Fig. 2 is an end view of the burner shown in Fig.1 illustrating the burner from the manifold end to which gas is supplied from a sourceofsupply; Fig. 3 is an I end view of the burner shown in Fig. 1 illustrating the burner from the front end at which region the burner flame is produced and maintained; Fig. 4 is an enlarged fragmentary View of the grid disposed at the front end of the burner; Fig. 5 is a vertical sectional view, taken on line 5-5 of Fig. 2, to illustrate parts of the burner more clearly; Fig. 6 is a vertical sectional view, taken on line 6-6 of Fig. 5, illustrating the manner in which the several gas streams merge to form a single region at which the burner flame is produced; and Fig. 7 is a fragmentary sectional view of a burner similar to that shown in Figs. 1 to 6 inclusive illustrating a modification of the invention.

Referring to Fig. '1, the improved horizontal type burner I0 embodying my invention is disposed in asubstantially horizontal position in is adapted to project. The burner I0 includes an annular manifold I4 having a threaded opening to which is connected a conduit I5 of a gas supply line; To the manifold I4 are threadedly secured a plurality of nozzles I6 to provide several gas streams, as will be described presently. The manifold I4 is formed integrally with and spaced from a base plate I1 by webs I8, as shown most clearly in Figs. 1, 2 and 5.

The base plate I! is formed with spaced openings which are in aligmnent with. the nozzles I6 and receive the ends of burner tubes l9. Each,

of the burner tubes I9 is referredto as a venturi;

I having itsinner wall forming a passage flaring The header 25 serves to merge and bring together out gradually at the end adjacent the nozzles I6, as indicated at 20 in Fig. 5. The burner I tu'bes I9 are formed with shoulders 2| which abut the base plate I1, and are secured in position by set screws 22 at the periphery of the base plate. With this construction the flared ends 20-01? the burner tubes I9 can be accurately. spaced from 1 the tips of nozzles I6.

The burner tubes I9 are threadedly secured to tubular portions 23 constituting the inlets of a plurality of passages 24 formed in a header 25.

the several gas streams entering the inlets 23. At the inlets 23 the passages 24 are circular in cross section, as shown in Fig. 6. From-the inlets 23 toward the single annular outlet 26 formed by the spaced inner and outer wall portions 21 and 28, respectively, the passages 24 change in shape and, at the region adjacent the outlet 26, the passages form sectorsof a circle having radial dividing walls 29, as shown in Fig. 6. The passages 24 are formed 'by similar-shapedlegs 30 which merge together and form a short truncated hollow cone, as best shown in Fig. 1; The radial walls 2 9 dividing the passages 24 terminate at the region of the short cylindrical Wall portions 21 and 28, as indicated at 3| in Fig. 5. I

The spaced and coaxial wall portions 21 and 28 at the outlet ZIi provide an annular space which receives a grid 32, as shown in Figs. 3 and 5.

The grid 32 comprises a corrugated metal band walled flat metal band 34. The inner ends of the. corrugated or zig-zag shaped stri 33 and band- 34 are secured at 35 to the inner cylindrical wall 21, and the outer ends thereof are secured at 36 to the outer cylindrical wall 28. The metal band 34 is employed with the corrugated metal strip 33 to provide a cellular .grid structure and is,

' preferably double walled to facilitate the fabrication of the grid 32. In fabricating the grid, the inner sheet of the double-walled band 34 can operation is assured not bnl during normal op eration but also at times when-the burner flame is extinguished.

creep and move on the outer sheet to provide a tight and compact cellular grid structures Although I do not wish to 'be limited thereto,

the burner lll is especially suitable for use with gases like natural gas, for example, which containsmethane and ethane and are relatively slow burning compared to manufactured gas. 'When relatively" slow burning gases are used, it is possible to employ a cellular grid structure at the region at which the burner flame is produced and maintained In a burner. of relatively high ca pacity provided with e cellular grid structure, the

area of the grid may becom'esogreat that the gas discharged from the center portions thereof will be blanketedrromthe surrounding atmosphere by an envelope of gas. In order' to insure combustion of the gas will be eilected.

When all of the air required to complete com 'bustion is supplied-to a burner a's-primary air,

the air is mixed with the gas in a burner tube or venturi to provide a combustible gas mixture before the gas is discharged from the burner.- In a burner of relatively high capacity, such as, for example, a burner having a, rating of 60,000

,3. t. u. per hour, supplying all of theeprimai y' air at a. single zone in a venturi or burner tube The combustible gas mixture formed in each tube l9 flows into the passages 24' with the gas mixture in each of the last-mentioned passages constituting a separate and distinct gas stream until the very moment it passes through a sector of the grid 32. stated another way,-the burner flame producedand-maintained' at the region of grid 32 is in reality a composite burning of a plurality of gas streams which are distinctly separate and individual from each other. Howadequate mixing of air with the gas, it becomes 1' a necessary to supply the required amount of air for combustion as primary air, so that complete ever, the separate gas streams are so interrelated and correlated that the merging of the streams sage 24 for a-single gas stream. With the grid '32'overlying and abutting against the outer ends of the radial dividing walls 28 at 3!, as seen in Fig. 5, it 'willbe apparent that the portion of the burner flame iormed at the sector of the grid overlying the top passage?! is produced by the gas mixture issuing from this top passage. In

results in burner operationiwhich is extremely objectionable becausea continuous noise is-produced during normal operation and an even. louder noise is produced at times when the burner flame-is extinguished. .Further', it has- ;been found that a single burner of the type just mentioned is readily'subject to flash-backs."

vWhen a number of smaller burners are grouped together to obtain a rating equivalent to a single burner of relatively high capacity, thereis not only the'objectionable requirement or providing duplicationof a great number of parts but the amount of space taken up by the burners'is relatively large. Even when a plurality of smallburners are disposed as close together as possible there'is loss '0! valuable space which in many applications may prevent the use of such burners as. a.practical consideration.

The burner l0 described above provides a-high capacity burner which is extremely quiet in operation with ratings upwards from 60,000 B. t. u.- per hour. In order to eliminate the noise occur ring when all of the primary air ismixcd with the gas at one zone in a single gas stream, the burner l0 employs a plurality of nozzles Hi from the tips of which the 'gas' is. discharged into a plurality 0! burner tubes or venturis l9. The ga discharged into the several burner tubes is draws atmospheric air into the flared ends 20 oi tlie tubes by injection action to provide a com:-

bustible gas'mixture in each of the tubes. The nozzles l6 and burner tubes l8 are so proportioned and located with respecttoeach other that all or the air requiredto complete combustion of the gas discharged into each-tube is can be supplied by the primary air drawn thelki tuba By providing'primary aif'aF-a plurality of zones in several gas streams, the same ad- .vantage are obtained thatfresult with the use ofa number. or small burners in that quietjburner this way, by providing several smaller gas streams with which air is intimately mixed, and then merging the several gas streams inthe manner Just described to produce a high capacity burner flame in an. areaol minimum size, the advantagesof a singlelarge burner are "captured without the usual disadvantages here- I tofore encountered.

By dividing the gas entering manifold ll into .a plurality oi nozzles 18 and discharging the gas from the nozzles into a plurality'oi tubes 19, the likelihood offlashbbck occurring is complete" l avoided. When natural gas is used and the I gas issuing from the'tip oi one of the nozzles I6 is ignited, the flame produced at thenozzle tip is-im'mediately extinguished because of the high velocity at which air is drawn into the tube I 9. Since the occurrence of flashbacks is substantially eliminated, it is not necessary to provide shutters for the nozzles)" and as much primary air as possible is'allowed to be'drawn'into thetubes Is to insure an adequate supply of air for complete combustion of the gas. If desired,

however, air shutters like the shutter 31 in Fig..

' .7 may be employed In the modification illustratedfin Fig. 7, the nozzle I6. is externally threaded to receive" the'airf shutter 31-, so that the shutter can be adjusted axially oi the nozzle to vary the quantity of air allowed to be drawn,

into the tube [8.

, When thesupply of gas to with It is shut off, the gas remaining in the gas passages moves forwithout athe occurrence of .any extinsutsh ward so that the passages are clearedot gas 8 noise. This clearing of gas from theburner p'assages is another advantage that is realized in a high capacity burner-of the type described by providing several gas streams into each 0! which -air;is'-drawn at av relativ y hi h velocity.

The burner I0 is adapted to'be disposed in a horizontal position and, to insure proper positioning of the burner. the'head'er flis provided with a locating pin" and base plate n is able support 42.

formedwith spaced downwardly extending tabs 39. Referring to Fig. 1,'the locating pin 38 is adapted to fit in an opening in a bracket 40 which is fixed to the front of the heat receiving Dart H and centrally located with respect to flue [2. The tabs 39 are. arranged to be secured to an angle member 4| which in turn is flxed to a'suit- In a burner of relatively high capacity, additional problems are encountered that are not' present in small gas burners. In a burner likethat described and having a rating of 60,000 B. t. u. per hour when using natural gas, blue cones approximately $6 inch long are produced at the outer surface of the grid 32 with combustion being completed within a distance of approximately 24 inches. -When the burner flame is projected horizontally into the flue l2, an

ample supply of excess. air is also drawn in a horizontaldirection to form a blanket about the inner surface of the flue wall. The forming of a a clear itself of combustible gases very quickly horizontal air blanket'in flue i2 is quite essential J in order to prevent the flame from actually con tacting the flue wall. As the combustion gases pass through the flue, there i a tendency for the hot gases to rise and'displa'ce. the air in the upper part of the air blanket. when the burner flame strikes the inner sunface of a flue, the gases of the flame become cooled due tofcontacting the cooler flue wall and tend to fall below the temperature at which the reaction is normally effected in the burner flame. At any time when the reaction between the gas and air is not complete, carbon monoxide rather than carbon dioxide may be formed.

In order to make certain that striking of the flue walls by the burner flame i avoided under all operating conditions encountered, the burner I0 is 'constructed so that the rising tendency of the flame is ofiset by bringing the bottom gas streams closer together than the. top gas streams at the outlet 26 of the burner. Referringto Fig. '6,'it will b noted that six gas passages 24 are and retained in a large burner like that described above by employing a plurality of venturi tubes of such si'ze andshape that each venturi will when the burner flame is extinguised. At the same time the burner described provides a high capacity comparable to that produced by a single large venturi without the attendant objections of such a single large venturi.

I addition, control over the manner in whic the burner flame is projected horizontally from the burner outlet is also effected. The provision of the cellular grid structure 32 is especially valuable in that a grid of this type formed from the corrugated double-walled metal strip 33 and metal band 34 and spirally wound together is relatively inexpensive compared to grid 'struc-' tures of this character heretofore provided for gas burners.

While several embodiments of the invention-- have been shown and described, it will be apparent to those skilled in the .art that various modifications and changes may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, as pointed out in the following claims.

What is claimed is 1. In combination with a substantially horizontal flue, a horizontal type gas burner comprising structure including a cluster of hollow arms providing passages having outlets and substantially identical inlets, meansto introduce air and gas into the inlets of said passages, the air and gas" adapted to flow through said passages forming gas streams adapted to be discharged from the outlets at which region the ,burner flame is produced and maintained, said inlets converging inwardly so that. primary air adapted provided which cooperate with thesamenumber 1 I of'burner tube l9 and nozzles IS. The gas in manifold I4 is substantially equally divided by the nozzles II with approximately the same quantity of gas being discharged into each tube I9. Hence substantially the same quantity of the gas discharged from bottom passages is directed lowerintoflue l2 than would be they case if .the passages 24 at the outlet were of equal size. By forming-,the passages 20 so that gas 'is discharged from the three top passages for more than half the area of the grid 32, and from the to mix with gasin said passages may be drawn into said inletssolely by injection action at a rate adequate to supply substantially all of the air required to effect complete combustion of the gases, so thatythe burner flame may be.projected directly into the substantially horizontal flue, said outlets being grouped closely adjacent to each other and together forminga'discharge orifice for the burner, and said outlets consisting of an upperand a, lower group of like number,

and so distributed at the discharge oriflce that said lower group of outlets forms a smaller area of said orifice than said upper group, whereby a a major, P rtion of the air and gas mixture issues from the lower half of the orifice and is directed three bottom passages for less than half the grid area, contacting of the flue wall by the burner flame is avoided.

In view of the foregoing. it will now be derstood that an improved, burner of relativ high capacity has been provided which occupies a amount of space and is foolproof in operation; By. supplying primary air to eifect complete combustion in a plurality-or gas streams.

' insure quiet operation of the burner.

into the bottom half of the flue. 1 o 2. In combination with a substantially horizontal flue, a horizontal type gas burnercomprising structure including a cluster of hollow arms providing passages having outlets and substantially identical inlets, means to introduce air and gas into. the inlets of said passages, the air -'and gas adapted to flow through the said passages forming gas streams'adapted to be discharged from the outlets at which region the burner flame is produced and maintained, said inlets converging inwardly so that primary air adapted-to mix with gas in said passages may which merge and oome'togethefin'a single region Small gas burners have lessvolume per B .t.u.

of rating than large For this-reason small burner clear "1811188170891" combustible gases very quickly when burner is be drawn into said inlets solely by injection action at a rate-adequate to supply substantially I I all of the air required to eflect complete combustion of the gases, so that the burner flame may be projected directly into the flue, the 'outlets of said hollow arms being divided into sevem -mum..colnpactly arranged together toform a discharge orifice for the burner, and

-of said orifice than said upper roup,- whereby a. major ortion of the air and gas mixture issues from "the lower portion of the orifice and is directed into the bottom half of the flue.

3. In combination with a substantially horizontal flue, a, horizontal type gas burner comprising structure including a cluster of hollow arms providing passages having outlets and substantially identical inlets,.means to introduce air and gas into the inlets of said passages, the air and gals adapted to flow through the said passages [forming gas streams adapted to be dis-' charged from the outlets into. acommon discharge orifice of substantially the same crosssectional area as the combined cross-sectional area of'said outlets at which region a burner 2,9 9,235 :said tubes, the larger end-oi said cone providing a singl annular-shaped outlet merging directly into said sector-shaped outlets, said cone being so shaped and partitioned and the pa$ages therein being so formed that the air and gas mixture adapted to flow therethrough is dis- -charged from theoutlet in substantially parallel relation and merge, immediately in the vicinity of the outlet, said inlets converging inwardly so that primary air adapted to mix with the gas in said passages may bedrawn into the inlets solely by injection action at a rate adequate to supply substantially all or the air required to flame isproduced and maintained, said inlets converging inwardly so that primary air adapted to mix with gas in said passages may be drawn into said inlets solely by injectionaction at a rate adequate to supply substantially all of the air required to eflect complete combustion of the gases, so that the burner flame may be projected directly into the flue, said outlets comprising an upper and a lower group of like number and being so located and distributed at the discharge smaller area of said orifice than the upper group, whereby a major portion of the air and gas mixture is discharged from the bottom halrt of said orifice and is directed tothe bottom part of the flue to'ofiset the rising tendency. of the gases and prevent the burner flame contacting the ceiling of the flue. I

4. A gas burnercomprising structure providing passage means having an inlet and an outlet,

the burner flame is produced and maintained,

and a, cellular grid at the outlet comprising alternate layers of spirally wound flat and zigzagshaped metal stripping, said fiat stripping being .30 1 orifice that the lower group of outlets forms a b efiect complete combustion of the gases, a cellular grid at the outlet comprising alternate layers of spirally wound flat and zigzag-shaped metal stripping, and means for securing said cellular grid at the larger end of said truncated cone to provide an uncovered grid through all parts of which the air and gas mixture issuing from said passages can freely flow and' at all regions of which the air and gas mixture can freely burn,

- 6. A gas burner comprising an annular gas manifold, a plurality of gas jets connected to and projecting from one side of said manifold, a plurality of tubular members each in axial alignment with one of said gas Jets having inlets and outlets, said inlets converging inwardly and the remainder, of said tubula members being of cylindrical shape, a plurality of-hollow tapering members each having an inlet and an outlet, each of said inlets being connected to the outlet of a corresponding tubular member and the outlets merging in a common annular-shaped discharge orifice, said hollow tapering members being circular in cross-section at their inlet ends, sector-shaped at their outlet ends and of gradual or easy transition from the inlet to the outlet.

7. A gas burner of the horizontal type comprising a gas manifold, a plurality of gas nozzles opening into and projecting from one side of said manifold, a cluster of burner tubes, one in axial alignment with each of said gas nozzles double-walled and comprising contacting sheets J whereby the inner sheet can creep and move on the outer sheet during fabrication of the grid.

5. A gas burner including alurality of tubes providing passages having outletsand inlets, a'

manifold into which a combustible gas i adapted to be introduced, a plurality of nozzles secured to said manifold and extending toward said inlets, a hollow truncated cone partitioned to provide a plurality Olf sector-shaped outlets, a plurality of passages and a plurality of hollow legs extending from the smaller end thereof, said 60 hollow leg communicating with the outlets of,

and having inlets and outlets, said inlets converging inwardly, the remainder of said tubes being of cylindrical shape, a plurality of hollow members connected to and extending from the outlet ends of saidburner tubes, each of said hollow members having an inletocf the same size and shape as the outlets of said burner tubes and outlets-which merge into a commo annular discharge orifice, the total area of said outlets beingsubstantially the same as the area of said discharge orifice; a cellular grid located in said common discharge orifice, and the passagesformed by each of said hollow members being of .gradual increasing cross-sectional area from the inlets thereof up to immediately adjacent the cellular grid located in said common discharge orifice,

STANLEY -JAROS.. 

